According to an article published in The Guardian, "Top US smoothie company accused of deception after toxic PFAS discovered" by Tom Perkins, PFAS (per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances) were found in the Green Goodness smoothie made by Bolthouse Farms. The company claims that the smoothie is made from 100% fruit juice, but after testing, PFAS were found within the drink.
Perkins writes, "PFAS researchers who reviewed the case told the Guardian the chemicals may have been in the fruit. Fruit could be contaminated from pesticides, water, or the use of PFAS-tainted sewage sludge as fertilizer."
Sewage sludge used as fertilizer has become increasingly problematic as PFAS are being found in the soil and in turn contaminate the crops. The EPA continues to evaluate the situation and tighten regulations around PFAS removal.
Incineration by way of Multiple Hearth Furnaces and Fluidized Bed Incinerators can be an effective method to remove PFAS. While adjustments may be needed to reach the necessary temperatures for PFAS elimination, this would be less costly than new equipment and more effective than other methods.